双月刊

ISSN 1006-9895

CN 11-1768/O4

北京三维闪电定位网及一次雷暴过程的闪电时空演化特征
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中国科学院大气物理研究所

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Beijing Lightning Network and ime-space evolution characteristics of lightning during a thunderstorm
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IAP

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    摘要:

    北京闪电综合探测网(Beijing Lightning NETwork,简称BLNET)是一个研究和业务相结合的区域性全闪三维定位网。2015年,对BLNET硬件、站网布局及定位算法等方面进行了更新升级,提高了传感器的灵敏度,提升了运算效率和探测性能。BLNET不仅具备了对云闪、地闪脉冲类型的识别和电流峰值估算等功能,也实现了对闪电辐射脉冲的三维实时定位,以及通道可分辨的闪电放电过程精细定位。对2017年7月7日一次雷暴过程的闪电辐射源脉冲实时三维定位结果分析表明,这次雷暴过程一共观测到11902次闪电,以云闪为主,地闪占总闪的28%,正地闪仅占总地闪的5%,雷暴成熟期,最大闪电频数为927次/6min。通过对比分析闪电辐射源位置和对应时刻的雷达回波,发现辐射源基本集中在强回波范围内。对一次正地闪的精细定位表明,初始阶段表现出明显的预击穿过程,闪电辐射源的始发位置位于海拔高度约5.4 km,随后通道向上发展,在约10km高度左右,通道开始沿着水平发展。对一次负地闪的精细定位表明,初始阶段放电首先从约7.1km高度处始发,通道向南水平发展,同时部分负先导分支向下发展,约38ms后,通道短暂停止发展,17ms后,通道始发处重新激发。以上结果表明,BLNET不仅可以对整个雷暴生命史闪电活动的三维实时定位和监测,还可以实现对闪电三维放电通道的精细定位。

    Abstract:

    Beijing Lightning NETwork (BLNET) is a regional full-flash three-dimensional(3D) location network combining research and business. In 2015, the BLNET hardware, station network layout and location algorithm were updated and upgraded to improve the sensitivity of the sensor and improve the computational efficiency and detection performance. BLNET not only has the functions of intra-cloud(IC) flash, cloud to ground(CG) flash pulse type identification and current peak estimation, but also realizes the 3D real-time location of lightning radiation pulse and the fine location of the channel-resolvable lightning discharge process. The analysis of the real-time 3D location results of the lightning radiation source pulse during a thunderstorm on July 7, 2017 shows that a total of 11,902 lightning flashes were observed during the thunderstorm process. Most of which were dominated by IC flash, and the CG flash accounted for 28% of the total flash. The positive cloud to ground (PCG)flash only accounts for 5% of the total CG flash. During the mature period of the thunderstorm, the maximum lightning frequency is 927 times/6 minutes. By comparing and analyzing the location of the lightning source and the radar echo at the corresponding time, it is found that the radiation source is basically concentrated in the strong echo range. The fine location of a PCG flash indicates that the initial stage shows a clear pre-breakdown process. The origin of the lightning source is about 5.4 km above sea level, and then the channel develops upwards. At about 10 km, the channel begins to follow. Level development. The fine location of a negative cloud to ground(NCG) flash indicates that the discharge first originates from a height of about 7.1 km, the channel develops to the south, and some negative pilot branches develop downward. After about 38 ms, the channel stops developing for a short time. After 17 ms, the channel begins. The hair is re-energized. The above results show that BLNET can not only locate and monitor the 3D real-time lightning activity of the whole thunderstorm life history, but also realize the fine location of the lightning three-dimensional discharge channel.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-10
  • 最后修改日期:2019-05-23
  • 录用日期:2019-10-23
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-11-04
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