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ISSN 1006-9895

CN 11-1768/O4

赤道西太平洋海面增暖对早春北极平流层极涡的调控
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南京信息工程大学

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国家自然科学基金


The stratospheric Arctic polar vortex modulated by the SST warming in the western equatorial Pacific in early spring
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Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology

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    摘要:

    平流层极涡异常对冬春季极端天气和极地臭氧亏损有重要指示意义。在1979-2020年ERA-5再分析资料中,早春北极平流层极涡年际变率与热带太平洋海温第二模态(主要空间型为赤道西太平洋海温异常)有关。通过CAM5数值模拟,进一步揭示了赤道西太平洋海温异常影响平流层极涡的途径:冬春季赤道西太平洋增暖时,在暖海温区深对流降水加强,异常的潜热加热通过Matsuno-Gill响应在其西北侧激发了Rossby波(对流层上层的高压异常)。该Rossby波沿大圆路径在北太平洋调整了北半球最强的槽脊系统的强度和位置,从而使得经向风1波分量的振幅减小,经向风3波和温度3波分量的位相差增大。两者分别减弱了下平流层的1波和3波的波作用通量上传,更少的涡动热量通量向极输送促进了春季北极平流层极涡增强。

    Abstract:

    Stratospheric Arctic vortex (SAV) anomalies can afford indications to extreme weather and Arctic ozone losses in winter and spring. The SAV in early spring is found to be related to the second mode of the interannual sea surface temperature (SST) in the Tropical Pacific in 1979-2020, the spatial pattern of SST anomalies in the western equatorial Pacific from the ERA-5 reanalysis data. The specific progress of the western equatorial Pacific SST anomalies affecting the SAV is revealed by the CAM5 numerical simulations. The SST warming in the western equatorial Pacific in winter and spring can intensify local deep convective precipitation. Then the anomalous latent heating induces a Rossby wave (high pressure anomalies in the upper troposphere) to its northwest side through the Matsuno-Gill atmospheric response. The Rossby wave adjusts the strength and position of the strongest trough-ridge system of the Northern Hemisphere in the North Pacific along the great circle path, leading to a decrease of the amplitude of wave 1 of the meridional wind and an increase of the phase difference of the wave 3 between the meridional wind and temperature, which results in less wave activity fluxes of the wave 1 and wave 3 propagating to the stratosphere. Finally, the less poleward transport of eddy heat flux enhances the SAV in spring.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-27
  • 最后修改日期:2022-02-16
  • 录用日期:2022-04-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-04-14
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