双月刊

ISSN 1006-9895

CN 11-1768/O4

正极性人工触发闪电的向上负先驱脉冲放电过程研究
作者:
作者单位:

1.成都信息工程大学;2.中国科学院大气物理研究所;3.军事科学院防化研究院;4.中国科学技术大学

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国家自然科学基金


Discharge characteristics of upward negative precursors in positive triggered lightning
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Institute of Atmospheric, Chinese Academy of Sciences;2.Institute of Chemical Defense, Academy of Military Sciences;3.University of Science and Technology of China;4.Chengdu University of Information Technology

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    摘要:

    利用人工触发正极性闪电的综合同步探测资料,对引雷火箭上升过程中发生于金属导线顶端的向上负先驱脉冲放电过程进行了研究。除常规认识的峰值电流为十几到几十安培的先驱脉冲放电以外,高垂直分辨率电流探测系统记录到丰富的弱脉冲放电过程。所有孤立发生的脉冲放电,均为弱脉冲,且在所有常规强度的先驱脉冲(簇)放电之前约20 μs,均识别到这种弱脉冲。对测量到的弱脉冲、脉冲型脉冲和波纹型脉冲进行统计,得到了各自的峰值电流(3.6 A、32.2 A、11.1 A)、上升时间(0.39 μs、0.9 μs、3.2 μs)、持续时间(2.8 μs、5.1 μs、12.7 μs)和转移电荷量(4.7 μC、50.8 μC、83.2 μC)。常规强度的先驱脉冲形成了可探测的发光通道,簇状先驱脉冲的放电通道具有与自持先导初始阶段相一致的梯级发展传输特征,二维平均速度在105 m/s量级。分析相邻先驱脉冲发光通道的时空关系,发现后一次先驱脉冲放电通道的起始高度一般位于前一次先驱脉冲放电通道的顶端,通道梯级延伸时电荷分布的调整降低了通道区域的电场强度。先驱脉冲放电是金属导线顶端形成了先导但又由于条件不足而熄灭的过程。

    Abstract:

    By using comprehensive data obtained in rocket-triggered lightning experiment, upward negative precursors at the triggering wire tip as during the ascent of the rocket were studied. Except for those typical precursors with peak current of tens of amperes, abundant of weak current pulses were recognized, attributed to the high vertical resolution current detection. All the isolated current pulses were found to be of the weak ones, and all those typical-intensity precursors (or clustered precursors) were preceded by the weak current pulses, involving a time interval of about 20 μs. For the weak pulses, the impulsive pulses and ripple pulses, we obtained their geometric mean values of peak current (3.6 A, 32.2 A, 11.1 A), risetime from 10% peak to 90% peak (0.39 μs, 0.9 μs, 3.2 μs), duration (2.8 μs, 5.1 μs, 12.7 μs) and charge transfer (4.7 μC, 50.8 μC, 83.2 μC). The typical-intensity precursors formed visible discharge channels that can be detected by optical means, and the channel development of those clustered precursors involved stepwise features consistent with the initial sustained upward leaders, with average 2-D speed in the order of 105 m/s. The temporal and spatial relationship of adjacent precursor-producing channels was analyzed. The new precursor channel was found to initiate at the height of the previous channel tip. The significant adjustment of charge distribution due to the stepped channel extension reduced the electric field intensity in the channel region. The precursors were actually un-sustained leader development, which produced initial leader channel segment at the triggering wire tip but eventually extinguished due to the insufficient conditions.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-09
  • 最后修改日期:2022-03-07
  • 录用日期:2022-06-21
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-06-22
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