Abstract:characteristics of short-term extreme precipitation and the threshold of short-term extreme precipitation below the daily scale in the past. Based on the hourly precipitation data of 2464 stations in China from 1991 to 2021 newly developed by the China Meteorological Administration, this paper analyzes the frequency characteristics of 1-hour and 3-hour precipitation in China, uses the percentile method to count the 1-hour and 3-hour extreme precipitation thresholds respectively, and explores the climatic characteristics of short-term extreme precipitation in China. The analysis results show that the hourly precipitation frequency of some stations in Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian and Zhejiang provinces is relatively high, up to 12%, and the hourly precipitation frequency in Northwest China is generally low, most stations are less than 3%. From 1991 to 2021, the frequency of 1-hour and 3-hour extreme precipitation showed a decreasing trend. A total of 64.7% of the stations have the linear trend of 3-hour extreme precipitation frequency in phase with that of 1-hour extreme precipitation frequency. The spatial characteristics of extreme precipitation and extreme precipitation threshold in China are obvious. The extreme precipitation threshold of one hour precipitation basically shows the spatial characteristics of large in the southeast and small in the northwest. Compared with other regions in China, the thresholds of Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan are larger. The historical average extreme value of one hour precipitation in Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Jiangsu provinces exceeded 80mm/h, of which the average extreme value in Hainan Province was the highest, reaching 102.7mm/h.