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ISSN 1006-9895

CN 11-1768/O4

正地闪和负地闪预击穿脉冲序列的统计分析与对比
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国家自然科学基金重点项目40930949


Comparisons of Preliminary Breakdown Pulse Trains in Positive and Negative Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flashes
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    摘要:

    2009~2010年夏季,在大兴安岭林区利用闪电快、慢电场变化测量仪组成的网络对自然闪电进行了多站同步观测。本文选取2010年夏季3次过境雷暴过程中具有4站以上同步的资料,同时对表现出明显预击穿过程的37次正地闪和56次负地闪的预击穿脉冲序列进行了统计分析。统计的主要参数包括:脉冲序列的总持续时间(Total Duration),脉冲序列和首次回击之间的时间间隔(PB-RS Separation),预击穿过程到首次回击的时间间隔(Pre-RS Interval),单个脉冲持续时间(Individual Pulse Duration),相邻脉冲时间间隔(Interpulse Interval)等。对于负地闪,相应参数的算术平均值为4.1 ms、55.4 ms、56.0 ms、8.8 μs和111.0 μs,几何平均值为3.7 ms、35.6 ms、36.5 ms、7.4 μs和98.2 μs;对于正地闪,相应参数的算术平均值为4.5 ms、75.6 ms、77.3 ms、11.5 μs和297.3 μs,几何平均值为3.0 ms、57.8 ms、60.0 ms、10.0 μs和217.9 μs。对比发现,正地闪预击穿脉冲序列相对负地闪预击穿脉冲序列持续时间更长,和首次回击的时间间隔更大,其单个脉冲更宽,在整个序列中排列更稀疏。计算了正、负地闪最大预击穿脉冲幅值和首次回击幅值的比值(PB/RS,PB代表最大预击穿脉冲幅值,RS代表首次回击幅值),通过和其他研究结果的对比,发现负地闪有PB/RS随纬度增大而增大的趋势,而正地闪没有。另外,检验了首次回击前地闪电场波形与BIL模型(Breakdown Intermediate Leader, BIL)的符合情况,发现只有很小比例的电场波形符合BIL模型。

    Abstract:

    In the summers of 2009 and 2010, simultaneous multi-station observations of natural lightning were conducted in the Da Hinggan Ling forest region of China using a network primarily consisting of fast and slow antennas. In 2010, 37 positive and 56 negative cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes from three thunderstorms were selected and their corresponding preliminary breakdown pulse (PBP) trains were statistically analyzed simultaneously. Several parameters were determined: the total duration of the PBP train (Total Duration), the separation between the PBP train and the first return stroke (PB-RS Separation), the interval between the PBP train and the first return stroke (Pre-RS Interval), the individual pulse duration of the PBP train (Individual Pulse Duration), and the interval between successive pulses of the PBP train (Interpulse Interval). For negative CG lightning, the arithmetic means (AMs) of these parameters were 4.1 ms, 55.4 ms, 56.0 ms, 8.8 μs, and 111.0 μs, respectively, and the geometric means (GMs) were 3.7 ms, 35.6 ms, 36.5 ms, 7.4 μs, and 98.2 μs, respectively. For positive CG lightning, the respective AMs were 4.5 ms, 75.6 ms, 77.3 ms, 11.5 μs, and 297.3 μs, and the respective GMs were 3.0 ms, 57.8 ms, 60.0 ms, 10.0 μs, and 217.9 μs. PBP trains in positive CG lightning were found to exhibit longer durations and longer intervals preceding the RS (Return Stroke) than those for PBP trains in negative CG lightning. Moreover, single pulses of PBP trains in positive CG lightning were generally wider and arranged more sparsely throughout the sequences than their negative counterparts. The ratios between the maximum PBP and the RS (PB/RS, Preliminary Breakdown) for both negative and positive CG lightning were calculated. Comparison of these ratios with the results of previous studies suggests that the ratios for negative CG lightning increase with latitude, whereas those for positive CG lightning do not. In addition, the samples were investigated to ascertain whether they were in agreement with the so-called BIL model, and the results obtained here were compared with those of other studies.

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王宇,郄秀书,王东方,刘明远,王志超.正地闪和负地闪预击穿脉冲序列的统计分析与对比.大气科学,2014,38(1):21~31 WANG Yu, QIE Xiushu, WANG Dongfang, LIU Mingyuan, WANG Zhichao. Comparisons of Preliminary Breakdown Pulse Trains in Positive and Negative Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flashes. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese),2014,38(1):21~31

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  • 收稿日期:2012-10-12
  • 最后修改日期:2013-03-18
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-12-25
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