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CN 11-1768/O4

0713号“韦帕”台风暴雨的中尺度数值研究和非对称性结构分析
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国家自然科学基金资助项目40975021、 40830958, 中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室重点项目2008LASW-A03, 国家公益性行业科研专项GYHY201006007


Mesoscale Numerical Study of the Rainstorm and Asymmetric Structure of 0713 Typhoon Wipha
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    摘要:

    本文利用美国新一代中尺度数值模式WRF, 结合多普勒雷达资料、卫星资料以及美国国家环境预报中心NCEP的再分析资料对发生在2007年9月17日~19日由第13号超强台风 “韦帕” 在浙江省引发的暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明, 本次降水过程主要是由台风外围暖湿的东南风急流和中高纬西风槽带来的北方干冷空气交汇造成的, 前者为降水输送水汽和热量, 后者则为对流的发展提供了动力条件和不稳定能量。 “韦帕” 在登陆期间的降水和环流结构具有明显的不对称特征, 主要的降水和对流活动发生在台风环流的西侧, 台风环流呈现东暖湿西干冷的分布特点。冷暖空气的交汇在浙江沿海地区形成一条很强的能量锋, 这也是对流系统发生最活跃和降水产生最集中的区域。沿着能量锋在对流层低层自北向南排列有多个中小尺度对流云团细胞, 并一起构成了中尺度对流云带。随着台风登陆后向西北移动和北方冷空气的进一步侵入, 对流云带的下风方不断有新的对流云团细胞产生并向下游传播。沿着能量锋上较强的风的垂直切变为对流云团的发展和维持提供了有利的环境场。此外, 北方弱冷空气侵入到低空, 沿着近地面嵌入到暖湿空气的底部, 与有利的地形条件一起对暖湿气团起到了有力的抬升作用, 触发对流性天气的发生。

    Abstract:

    WRF (Advanced Weather Research and Forecasting modeling system) was used to simulate the local heavy rainstorm process caused by super typhoon Wipha over the eastern coast of Zhejiang Province from 17 to 19 September 2007. The analysis of the simulation result combined with Doppler radar data, TBB (Temperature of Black Body) data, and NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) reanalysis data shows that the rainstorm was due to the intrusion of north cold-dry current from the upper-level trough into the typhoon circulation. The warm-moist peripheral southeastern jet from typhoon Wipha brought rich moisture and heat, and the north cold-dry current provided kinetic condition and instability energy for precipitation. The distribution of rainfall and circulation of typhoon Wipha showed clear asymmetric structure during the landing period. The rainfall and convection activity mainly occurred in the west quadrant of typhoon. The east part of typhoon circulation was warm and moist while the west part was cold and dry. The energy front contributed by the convergence of cold and warm air in the coast area of Zhejiang Province was the most active convective region, also the main precipitation zone. There were several small scale convective cloud cells lining from north to south along the energy front in the low troposphere, together forming a mesoscale spiral rainband. As the typhoon moved northwestward, the north cold-dry current further intruded into the warm-moist circulations. There were new-born convective cells at the down edge of the rainband. The strong vertical shear of wind along the energy front offered advantageous environment to the development and maintenance of the convective cells. The cold-dry current invaded into low level and imbedded into the bottom of the warm-moist circulations along the energy front, which, together with the beneficial topography, lifted the warm-moist air up forcefully and triggered convection weather.

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周玲丽,翟国庆,王东海,等.0713号“韦帕”台风暴雨的中尺度数值研究和非对称性结构分析.大气科学,2011,35(6):1046~1056 ZHOU Lingli, ZHAI Guoqing, WANG Donghai, et al. Mesoscale Numerical Study of the Rainstorm and Asymmetric Structure of 0713 Typhoon Wipha. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese),2011,35(6):1046~1056

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  • 在线发布日期: 2011-11-30
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