双月刊

ISSN 1006-9895

CN 11-1768/O4

闽南沿海雾滴谱统计特征及其与能见度的关系研究
作者:
作者单位:

1.厦门市海峡气象开放重点实验室;2.翔安区气象局;3.天津市海洋气象重点实验室

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基金项目:

厦门市科技局指导性专项(3502Z20214ZD4007),厦门市海洋气象创新团队共同资助


Statistical analysis of microphysical characteristics and their relationship with visibility in Southern coast of Fujian
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Xiamen Key Laboratory of Strait Meteorology;2.Xiangan Meteorological Bureau Xiamen;3.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Meteorology

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    摘要:

    利用2019~2021年翔安区气象局观测的雾滴谱资料,分析了闽南沿海雾的微物理参数及滴谱特征,研究了能见度与粒子数浓度、液态水含量、相对湿度等的关系。在此基础上对能见度进行分级参数化拟合与检验评估。结果表明闽南沿海雾的平均粒子数浓度为47.5 cm-3,平均液态水含量为0.0763 g·m-3。当能见度下降时,粒子数浓度、液态水含量快速上升,平均直径、有效直径等物理量缓慢上升。能见度低于100 m时,平均粒子数浓度达到115.42 cm-3,液态水含量达到0.228 g·m-3。粒子数浓度和液态水含量谱线均呈现双峰结构特征分布,其中粒子数浓度主峰值为4~6 μm,次峰值为22~26 μm。液态水含量与粒子数浓度相反,主峰位于24~26 μm,次峰为4~6 μm,表明雾的粒子数浓度主要受小粒子控制,但液态水含量以20~30 μm段的粒子贡献最为显著。与沿海地区相比,闽南沿海雾的平均粒子数浓度小于华南沿海,高于华东沿海;平均液态水含量高于华南沿海,低于华东沿海。与内陆城市区域或县郊相比,同等状态下沿海的粒子数浓度明显更低,但液态水含量更大。采用四种参数化方案对能见度进行了分段以及不分段拟合。评估检验结果表明,采用粒子数浓度和液态水含量的乘积作为因子的分段拟合效果最优,尤其是对于1 km以下的能见度拟合效果更优。

    Abstract:

    Using fog droplet spectrum data in Xiangan from 2019 to 2021, We investigated the statistical characteristics of micro-physical parameters and fog droplet spectrum of sea fog in Southern coast of Fujian. Based on the relationship between visibility and particle number concentration(N), liquid water content(L) of fog and relative humidity(RH), We established various parameterization schemes and evaluated the fitting effect of each scheme. The results showed that average N and L of sea fog in Southern coast of Fujian was 47.5 cm-3 and 0.0763 g·m-3. N and L increased significantly with the enhancement of fog level while mean diameter, effective diameter increased slowly. When visibility drop below 100 m, average N and L reached 115.42 cm-3 and 0.228 g·m-3. N and L spectrum both exhibited double peak characteristic. Main peak of N located in 4~6 μm and secondary peak was in 22~26 μm. L showed opposite characteristic with peak value in 24~26 μm and secondary peak in 4~6 μm. This showed that N of fog is mainly controlled by small droplets, but particles of 20~30 μm contributed more to L. Compared with other coastal regions, average N of Southern coastal Fujian was smaller than southern coast of China but larger than eastern coast of China. Average L was larger than southern coast but smaller than eastern coast. Compared with inland regions such as city or country sites, N of the same fog level was smaller but L was larger. Four parameterization schemes of visibility were established by using full samples and segmented method. Test results indicated that visibility subsection fitting scheme based on L×N was optimal, especially for visibility below 1 km .

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-26
  • 最后修改日期:2023-04-14
  • 录用日期:2023-04-20
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-05-15
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