双月刊

ISSN 1006-9895

CN 11-1768/O4

考虑中间层低层的平流层最后增温事件分类及机制分析
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1.南京信息工程大学大气科学学院;2.中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室;3.中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间天气学国家重点实验室

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国家自然科学基金,省自然科学基金,中国科学院战略性先导科技专项


A classification of stratospheric final warming and its mechanism considering the lower mesosphere
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    摘要:

    基于MERRA再分析数据集,本文对平流层最后增温事件(stratosphere final warming, 简称:FW)的分类进行了分析,这种分类将平流层和中间层低层进行了统一的考虑。研究发现中间层低层极区存在与平流层极区相似的纬向风场的季节转换,并且在春季,极区温度和纬向风场存在与平流层类似的年际变率,基于此认定中间层低层仍存在FW事件。本文随后确定了FW事件逐年爆发日期,结果表明,FW事件在各个层次的平均爆发日期为4月7日–27日,年际变率在11.3–18.3天,其中,1 hPa FW平均爆发日期最迟,0.1 hPa FW事件的年际变率最小。依据FW爆发日期垂直廓线的演变特征,本文将FW事件分为三类,分别为同时型、顺延型与气候态型。同时型FW事件由强烈的行星波活动所主导,整层爆发日期相差不大,FW的爆发伴随着强烈的极区环流异常符号的反转。顺延型FW事件的爆发过程与同时型具有类似的特征,但其中行星波活动强度更弱,非绝热加热的作用进一步提高。气候态型时,以10 hPa为代表的平流层中层FW事件的爆发由动力因素主导。平流层中层FW爆发后,平流层高层行星波活动受到抑制,FW的爆发则由辐射非绝热加热主导。在中间层低层0.1 hPa,FW事件的爆发有两种可能,一方面,可以由辐射非绝热加热主导;另一方面,在一些平流层FW事件爆发后,0.1 hPa可能会因为平流层FW爆发后的次级行星波活动而造成FW的爆发。

    Abstract:

    Based on the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications reanalysis dataset, this study analyzes the classification of stratosphere final warming (FW) that takes both the stratosphere and the lower mesosphere into account. The results show that the seasonal transition of circumpolar zonal wind from westerly to easterly wind also exists in the lower mesosphere, which is similar to that in the stratosphere. In addition, the interannual variability of polar-mean air temperature and circumpolar zonal wind in spring in the lower mesosphere is as strong as that in the stratosphere. Thus it is suggested that FW events still appear in the lower mesosphere. The annual FW onset date at each pressure level is then determined. It is found that the average onset date of FW events varies from April 7th to 27th at different pressure levels with a standard deviation varying from 11.3 to 18.3 days. The latest onset occurs at 1 hPa and the minimum standard deviation occurs at 0.1 hPa. According to the characteristics of the vertical profile of FW onset date, this study classifies the FW events into three types. That is simultaneous type, successive type, and climatology-like type, respectively. The FW occurs almost simultaneously at the whole levels from the mid-stratosphere to lower mesosphere in the simultaneous type. Accompanying with the FW occurrence, there is a reversal of the sign of polar-mean geopotential height and temperature anomalies. Strong planetary wave activities dominate the onset process of this type. Although the onset process of the successive type is relatively similar to that of the simultaneous type, the planetary wave activities weaken greatly during the FW onset in this type. The non-adiabatic heating of solar radiation plays an important role in this type. In the climatology-like type, the occurrence of FW event at 10 hPa is dominated by dynamics. After the occurrence of FW event in the mid-stratosphere, the planetary wave activities are inhibited in the upper stratosphere which causes the occurrence of FW event mainly resulting from non-adiabatic heating in those pressure levels. There are two possible explanations for the FW onset at 0.1 hPa. On the one hand, the 0.1-hPa FW onset may be dominated by non-adiabatic heating. On the other hand, for some FW events, secondary planetary wave activities following FW onset in the stratosphere may lead to the onset of FW at 0.1 hPa.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-08
  • 最后修改日期:2023-06-26
  • 录用日期:2023-07-24
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-08-22
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