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ISSN 1006-9895

CN 11-1768/O4

“非典型对流”台风快速增强机制研究:地表潜热通量作用
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南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室

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国家自然科学基金(42175003)


Rapid Intensification typhoon with“Atypical Convection”: The Role of Surface Latent Heat Flux
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Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

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    摘要:

    利用再分析资料和红外云图普查西北太平洋具有“非典型”对流分布特征的快速增强(RI)台风个例。通过与具有“典型”对流分布的缓慢变化个例(noRI)对比分析后发现,RI组在风切方向左侧拥有更强的地表潜热通量高值中心。为进一步探讨可能机制,本文选取“非典型对流”台风2019年“利奇马”进行敏感性数值试验。诊断结果表明,风切方向左侧较高的地表潜热通量有利于建立该地区对流不稳定。同时, 地表潜热通量会通过“边界层熵恢复”机制削弱“通风效应”作用。在高层东风切变下,当对流从顺切变一侧移动至逆切变一侧,对流活动在高地表潜热区域可以得到增强,从而激发出强的上层出流通道;而出流通道的建立(出流阻挡机制)可以抵抗环境东风流,从而削弱垂直风切强度,台风能够直立发展。

    Abstract:

    In this study, rapidly intensifying (RI) tropical cyclones (TCs) with ‘Atypical’ convection in the Northwest Pacific were screened by using reanalysis data and infrared cloud images. A group of slow-intensifying (noRI) typhoons with ‘Typical’ convection were gathered for comparison. It is found that the RI group has a stronger maximum region of surface latent heat flux on the left side of the vertical wind shear (VWS) direction. To further explore possible mechanisms, the ‘Atypical’ convection case ‘Lekima’ (2019) was selected for sensitivity numerical experiments. The diagnostic results indicate that the surface latent heat flux on the left side of the VWS direction helps establish convective-instability in the region. Consequently, the effect of the "Ventilation effect" was weaken through the "Boundary layer entropy recovery" mechanism caused by the surface latent heat flux. Under easterly VWS, convection activity can be enhanced in high surface latent heat flux regions during the transition from the down-shear to the up-shear, thereby stimulating strong upper outflow channels. The establishment of outflow channels (Outflow blocking mechanism) can resist the environmental easterly flow, which weakening the strength of VWS, and allowing the typhoon to develop vertically.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-17
  • 最后修改日期:2023-10-14
  • 录用日期:2024-03-05
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