The influence of snow depth over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in the preceding winter on rainfall in the following summer in China is simulated by the regional climate model (NCC_RegCM1.0). The simulation results are consistent with the relation of observed snow depth and rainfall, namely, more rainfall occurs in the Yangtze River valley, less rainfall in South China and North China. The results accord with the pattern of “southern flood and northern drought” in China in recent 20 years. So more snow in the TP in winter is one important reason causing “southern flood and northern drought” in summer in China.  The paper reveals the possible physical mechanism of the impact of winter snow over TP on summer rainfall in China. The more the snow over the TP, the weaker the sensible heat source is, which results in stronger winter monsoon in winter, and its effect can reach South China, Southwest China and the Bay of Bengal. At the same time, weaker heat source of the TP can last to summer, which is a reason for the weakening of East Asian and South Asian summer monsoon. In the early stage of snow, the increasing of surface reflected flux is dominant; after snow has melted, “Moist Soil” contributes to prolonging the influence process of snow on weather and climate. The reduction of absorbed solar radiation due to the increased reflected flux, the increase of absorbed heat as snow melts, and the long-term interaction between moist soil and atmosphere weaken the heat source of the TP, which are the main impacting mechanism of winter snow over the TP on monsoon and rainfall distribution in China. The simulation results show that the distinct effect time of snow over the TP can persist to June.