The relation between precipitation extremes (PEs) and temperature in Anhui Province on different time scales during 1998-2014 has been investigated. On the interannual scale, the relationship between the magnitude of PEs and temperature presents a south-north dipole pattern with positive (negative) correlation over northern (southern) Anhui. Similar results are detected in the relation between the frequency of PEs and temperature. The quantitative results show that the frequency (magnitude) of PEs over Anhui decreased (enhanced) by 13.7%/℃ (0.03%/℃) with the temperature change. This suggests that the frequency of PEs is more sensitive to temperature change. On the daily and hourly scales, the extreme precipitation increased with increasing temperature. Daily extreme precipitation exponentially increase with temperature at the Clausius-Clapeyron (C-C) scaling rate. A super-CC scaling rate exists for hourly extremes, with increases in extreme precipitation observed at the rate about double the CC scaling rate for temperature. More importantly, both the daily and hourly extreme precipitation are found to decrease at the higher end of local temperature variations. Furthermore, the relation between PEs and temperature has been examined at scales of different hours. With increases in the time scale, the decrease becomes more significant. This may be related with the fact that the PEs in one day may be dominated by short duration PEs at higher temperature.