Using the data of 81 weather stations of Anhui Province, the characteristics of temperature series were analyzed. The selected 46 stations were classified into urban stations (US), rural stations(RS), and basic/reference stations (BS). The seasonal and annual variations of mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures at the 46 stations were analyzed during 1966-2005. The results show that warming rate of temperature, warming rate of urban heat island (UHI), and contributive rate of UHI at US, BS, and RS were the maximum, the second, and the minimum, respectively. The contribution rates of UHI effect on annual mean temperature fluctuated from 21.1% to 37.8%. With the UHI effect on the seasonal warming, the maximum warming rates of UHI at US and BS occurred in autumn, followed by spring and summer, and the minimum occurred in winter; the maximum contributive rates of UHI at US and BS occurred in summer, followed by autumn, and in winter and spring they were a little smaller. It is suggested that the impacts of the variation of UHI intensity on temperature series are complicated and cannot be ignored in Anhui Province.