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重污染下我国中东部地区1960~2010年霾日数的时空变化特征
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国家重点基础研究发展计划2010CB428502,中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目KZCX2-EW-QN208,国家自然科学基金项目41275082,财政部/科技部公益性行业(气象)科研专项GYHY201006014


Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Haze Days under Heavy Pollution over Central and Eastern China during 1960-2010
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    摘要:

    对1960~2010年我国中东部地区霾日数的时空变化特征的分析结果表明:1)霾日数大值区主要分布在人口众多的四川盆地、北京-天津-河北地区、长江中下游地区以及广东-广西中部。2)季节变化上,霾日数冬季较多,其中北京-天津-河北地区中部和西南部、四川盆地和东北地区东部和南部等地超过20 d,夏季最少。3)霾日数气候趋势系数在北京-天津-河北地区、长江三角洲地区和珠江三角洲地区趋势系数高达0.8。4)霾日数呈现明显的上升趋势[3.69 d(10 a)-1],其气候趋势系数为0.82,通过了99.9%的信度检验。5)我国中东部气溶胶光学厚度和对流层NO2的空间分布与年平均霾日数的分布基本一致,近51年来能源消耗量的稳定上升趋势也表明,人为因素导致的大气污染物排放量增加是引起霾天气出现频率上升的重要因素。

    Abstract:

    The spatiotemporal characteristics of haze days over central and eastern China have been analyzed. The results show that the major haze values are distributed in the Sichuan Basin, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the central regions of Guangdong and Guangxi. The days with the heaviest and lightest amounts of haze occurred in winter and summer, respectively. The values of the haze days in the central and southwestern Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei megacity area, the Sichuan Basin, and the eastern and southern regions of Northeast China exceeded 20 d. In addition, the maximum climate trend coefficient of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area and the Yangtze and Pearl river deltas was 0.8. The annual average haze days showed an obvious upward trend of 3.69 d (10 a)-1 and a climate trend coefficient of 0.82, which passes 99.9% statistical significance. Moreover, the spatial distributions of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and tropospheric column NO2 (TroNO2) were consistent with the annual average haze days over eastern China, and the energy consumption in China showed a stable upward trend during 1960-2010. These results indicate that the increase in air pollution disposal is a main contributing factor in the increase of haze days.

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符传博,丹利.2014.重污染下我国中东部地区1960~2010年霾日数的时空变化特征[J].气候与环境研究,19(2):219-226. FU Chuanbo, DAN Li.2014. Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Haze Days under Heavy Pollution over Central and Eastern China during 1960-2010[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research (in Chinese],19(2):219-226.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-12-05
  • 最后修改日期:2014-01-07
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-04-22
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