Abstract: Based on the annual averaged surface air temperature data from eight meteorological stations in the source region of the Yellow River using the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) approach, the multi-timescale temperature features of meteorological stations with Madoi as a representative during 1953-2017 and their contributions to the temperature variations are revealed. The correlations between different time-scale temperature oscillations with the SST indices are analyzed, particularly with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). The results demonstrated that: (1) a long-term temperature trend was 0.31℃/10a during 1953-2017 in the source region of the Yellow River, and the warming started in the late 1980s and accelerated in the late 1990s. (2) There were 3-year, 6-year, 11-year, 25-year, 64-year and 65-year quasi-cycle oscillations for the temperature during 1953-2017. Among them, the 3-year and 65-year quasi-cycle oscillations were significant. The amplitude of 3-year time-scale oscillation was large before the 21st century and decreased after the 21st century, while the amplitude of 65-year oscillation was enhanced after the 21st century. (3) The 3-year quasi-cycle oscillation occupied a dominant position during the period of 1953-1997, and the contribution of 65-year oscillation increased nearly five times which was equivalent to the contribution of the 3-year oscillation during the rapid warming period since 1998. (4) The correlations between temperature with Nino3.4 and PDO indices were not significant, but the maximum significant correlation was found when the temperature led PDO 22 years. Unlike PDO, the maximum significant correlation was found when AMO led the original temperature and its three inter-decadal components 0 and 3-7 years which supported that AMO had a significant impact on the temperature variation in the source region of the Yellow River. (5) The positive warm phase of AMO corresponded to the warming of the East Asia including China, and the source region of the Yellow River was only a part of that area. The negative cold phase of AMO from the early 1960s to the middle and late 1990s and the positive warm phase of AMO from the early 1990s to the present corresponded to the negative and positive phases of the temperature in the source region of the Yellow River. The AMO highly correlated with the 65-year oscillation. These results supported that AMO was an important climatic oscillation affecting the temperature variation especially on the inter-decadal time scales in the source region of the Yellow River.