In this study, the relationship between the land surface albedo over the Tibetan Plateau and the plateau summer monsoon are statistically analyzed using a representative plateau monsoon index, i.e., Dynamic Plateau Monsoon Index (DPMI) based on MODIS surface albedo and ECMWF/ERA-Interim reanalysis data from 2000 to 2016. The main results are as follows: 1) There is a close relationship between the land surface albedo over the Tibetan Plateau in November and the onset of plateau summer monsoon. The land surface albedo of the Tibetan Plateau in November is low (high), and the plateau summer monsoon starts early (late) in April of the following year. 2) When the land surface albedo over the Tibetan Plateau in November is low, the sensible heat flux of the main body of the plateau on the atmosphere is strong in the latter period, which significantly strengthens the uplifting movement of the plateau in April. Thus, the plateau becomes conducive to the transfer of heat to the upper air, resulting in enhanced tropospheric heating, increased tropospheric temperature in the plateau, and strengthened plateau monsoon circulation system, eventually leading to the early plateau monsoon seasonal changes, and vice versa.