To enhance the effectiveness of artificial precipitation operation in Shanxi Province, it is necessary to estimate the influencing weather systems accurately when operation begins and develop conceptual synoptic models of precipitation enhancement operation. Four types of synoptic models (westerly trough, north cold cyclone, shear linear, and subtropical high) were established on the basis of an analysis of the characteristics of atmospheric circulation affecting precipitation over Shanxi Province and a survey of the upper-level and ground weather charts of the Eurasian region from 1991 to 2000. The precautionary areas for the next 12 h to 24 h and the optimized seeding areas for precipitation enhancement in Shanxi Province can be obtained.