In order to study the regularity of short-term temperature fluctuation in the context of global warming, daily temperature data collected at the 804 meteorological stations in China are used to count the number of days in which daily average temperature fluctuation is greater than 1℃ and calculate the standard deviation of daily temperature fluctuation. The temporal and spatial distribution and variation of short-term temperature fluctuation days and fluctuation amplitude are analyzed, and the relationships between springtime mean temperature and latitude/longitude/altitude are discussed. The results are as follows. The short-term temperature fluctuation over China in the past six decades can be roughly divided into two stages, i.e., the stage before 1990 when the short-term temperature fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation days did not change in most areas of China, and the stage after 1990 when the short-term temperature fluctuation in most areas of China (about 70%) showed an upward trend. The short-term temperature fluctuation is closely related to latitude and longitude. Combined with regional distribution of the fluctuation trend and fluctuations of daily temperature, it can be seen that the fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation days both increase in the low latitudes, which makes people get a strong feeling about the temperature change. Because the process of biological growth and development is closely related to temperature, results of the present paper suggest that short-term temperature fluctuation may also need to be considered when discussing long-term impacts of climate change on ecosystems.