On the basis of 1958/1959-2009/2010 winter global sea surface temperature (HadISST) and the stations data from the 160 Chinese stations, etc., the relationships between temperature anomalies in China during the winter of 2009/2010 and SST anomalies are analyzed by the general equilibrium feedback method developed recently. The results show that the tropical eastern Pacific El Niño and tropical Atlantic "three-pole" pattern significantly affect the anomaly pattern of temperature, with warmer temperatures in southwestern China and colder temperatures in northeastern China (the LN pattern) during the winter of 2009/2010.To verify the reliability of the statistical results, several model sensitivity experiments with the MPI (Max Planck Institute for Meteorology) global atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM5 were conducted by varying the SST in key basins. The results show that the temperature in southwestern China warms by about 0.5℃ and 0.6℃ in response to the tropical Pacific El Niño event and the tropical Atlantic three-pole SST anomaly pattern, respectively. Furthermore, the largest amplitude in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is as high as 1℃ in response to the three-pole pattern. Forced by the modes of El Niño and the three-pole pattern, most areas of northeastern China show a negative anomalous response, and the temperature variation is about -0.6℃ and -0.45℃, respectively. Both the three-pole SST anomaly and the El Niño event produce an anomalous temperature pattern in eastern China. Together, these two types of SST anomalous patterns strengthened the westerly winds at high latitudes, blocking high-latitude cold air transmission to the south and leading to warming in southwest China and cooling in Northeast China. Simultaneously, the anti-cyclonic circulation anomaly over the western Pacific at sea level may weaken the East Asian winter monsoon.